Saturday, 30 November 2024

How Soon is Too Soon?

Normally, this blog is written a bit in advance, maybe a week or six. But not at the moment. I have been busy, as I said before, and wargaming has, while not taken a back seat, has certainly had to be fitted in around other things. Thus, this week, I had no particular ideas except the half-formed Hamptonshire campaign. Fortunately, as supper one night, the Estimable Mrs P. asked a question which saved the day, as it were:

‘How soon is too soon to wargame something?’

I asked for some clarification, and it turned out she was wondering whether anyone was wargaming Ukraine or Gaza. Well, I have not seen any such game, at least so far, except in professional gaming circles, but that is, after all, their job. But I dare say someone is at least considering Ukraine even if it is not being actively wargamed yet.

It put me in mind of some of the posts from the early days of the blog when I was wondering what the ethical implications of wargaming were. As far as I recall, there are none, in particular, but there are plenty of matters of taste. At least, there are ethical matters about behaviour, such as whether to cheat or not, but not about the choice of wargame subject, which is a matter of taste. The difference is, I suppose, that taste varies while ethical considerations at least make a claim to be objective. Whether or not they are is a matter of opinion, of course, but that seems to be the difference.

So, to return to the question, how soon is too soon to wargame something as a hobby game? I tried to avoid the question, of course and observed that I do not play anything post about 1745, but that was not permitted as an answer. I hazarded ‘about the last 100 years’, so included nothing which is in people’s living memory, more or less. That actually puts World War One in the frame, and I am unsure if I would really want to wargame that. I have seen, of course, very good and interesting WW1 games, but it just is not to my wargaming taste, I suppose.

However, I have dabbled in World War Two wargaming, such as the Siege of Malta game which is in that book (for the record, the Allies lost Malta and, presumably, the Suez Canal was cut). That was a more pen-and-paper game than one which included getting models out, however, and I still harbour suspicions that, except at a skirmish level, WW2 is best played in that way. I know that there are some operational and strategic level games out there which use models, and I think that is a good thing, but they are heading more to the pencil-and-paper resource management level of the game anyway.

So, having brought the wrath of all right-thinking WW2 wargamers down upon my head, what about more recent warfare. Korea is certainly done, of course, and can be regarded, I suppose, as an off-shoot of WW2 – the equipment, except jet fighters, was more or less the same. Vietnam is a bit more tricky, of course, with lots of airmobile units, helicopter gunships, and mass bombings, aside from charming ideas such as Agent Orange. Again, it is a matter of taste, but for me, wargaming counter-insurgency operations is heading into the tasteless, because civilians are heavily involved.

So too are more recent conflicts, many of which are Co-In in nature. For example, recent activities in Iraq and Afghanistan were certainly counter-insurgent operations, and while I have seen them wargamed, do not really seem to have caught on. Perhaps it is because the home countries of many wargamers lost, or perhaps because insurgents and terrorism make somewhat less than good wargames. I am not sure, and time will tell.

Arrival at some conflicts possibly gives us some pause. The Falkland Islands I have seen wargamed, but not all that much. Perhaps it became too politicised too quickly for many wargamer’s tastes. The assorted post-colonial wars are occasionally done, but most people, understandably, prefer some sort of imaginary game rather than the brutal reality of, say, Biafra or the death squads in Central and South America. For example, I did rather enjoy the board game Junta, where the rules stated ‘the coup starts with the traditional naval bombardment of the Presidential Palace’. But it was set in an imaginary banana republic.

There might be a geographical element to this. Playing a wargame of, say, the siege of Londonderry might be straightforward in Germany, perhaps less so in Ireland, or at least, it might raise some uncomfortable present or recent realities and interpretations. History is often the political present, after all. It is here that transfers of historical events to other canvasses, locations and time periods can, I suppose help, but that raises questions, I suppose, as to whether our historical wargaming is historical, or whether we are simply feeling pressured by current political and cultural trends into avoid uncomfortable historical truths.

Many years ago Paddy Griffiths published some articles on uncomfortable wargames, raising the question of whether we dare wargame something, or whether we did not because they simply made bad games. His main example was the WW1 Western Front, which, he felt, made a bad game. Of course, since he wrote (in the 1980s I think) wargame design has moved on and the games, as games, can be good ones. But as WW1 slips from memory into history it is probably worth asking again does it make us uncomfortable? Do we try to take on more recent historiography of the war and the front and suggest that perhaps the interpretations available 40-odd years ago have changed, and that ‘lions led by donkeys’ as a judgment is a bit harsh on the high command.

Fortunately, I do not have a sufficient grasp of World War One to say, so I am only posing a question. But I think it is worth posing: how soon is too soon to have a comfortable wargame?

What do you think?





12 comments:

  1. I understand the perceived ethical question but personally, I don't have any issue with gaming any period - I don't have any particular interest in recreating the Arab Israeli conflicts, Vietnam or Gulf War 1 or 2, but it's not because I think it's " too soon" - I have plenty of 15mm and 20mm stuff for the so called "War on Terror" - skirmish level post invasion Iraq or Afghanistan a la the Force on Force rules (I don't use those, however!)
    Likewise, WWI - apart from the first few weeks or the last few weeks of the four year conflict, I just don't think it provides a very interesting or attractive game - trench warfare is inevitably a brutal slog and I don't see much point in gaming it - but that's nothing to do with the fact that it killed millions of men in real life - it's just not an attractive period to game, in my opinion.
    Really, I think if you are happy to make a game out of war (and we are all are presumably, I certainly am) it ill behooves us to pick and choose which ones are ethical and which are not - WW2 is the single most popular period for wargaming, according to several of the annual WS&S surveys, which indicates that several thousand gamers are happy to play the Nazi Germans or Soviet Russians, two regimes whose policies and ambitions are anathema to 99% of the world's population!
    I live in New Zealand and our colonial history is pretty recent and in some areas quite raw - but it hasn't stopped me playing in a couple of Maori War games.... and I have also played the occasional Pony Wars game, where the objective is often for the US cavalry to wipe out a "native" village.....

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    1. As I recall last time this was discussed on the blog a wargamer reported being told 'War is not a game.' He agreed, but replied 'Wouldn't it be better if it was?'

      I suspect that the game is the thing, and what you want to game is dependent on your own view of the world and what you find interesting and acceptable. I think Neil refers below to an acceptable distance between us and the events of the game, and it seems that how big that distance is varies from one person or set of wargamers to another.

      So I suspect that choice of period or army is not a matter of ethical choice, but that we line up with Hume - it is a matter of taste or Hume's 'sentiment'. Where that comes from is, of course, another question again.

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  2. Interesting post, thanks for taking the time to write it up.
    I don't accept that the main reason for not playing counter-insurgency games is the presence of civilians: as you yourself have pointed out I think, civilians in other periods were not always treated so well: the realities of harrying, subduing, punitive expeditions and living off the land are objectively much worse than most COIN operations in the C20-21. I think it is much more to do with the asymmetries at the tactical level making it difficult to have create exciting tactical battle games. This applies more strongly in recent periods, where the modelling of uncertainty and imperfect information is more important and harder, than the modelling of combat factors and outcomes which dominate periods where everyone is largely in sight of everyone else. I think we can also dismiss the idea that Anglophone wargamers are less likely to play these conflicts because of strategic defeat: the popularity of Vietnam games, for instance, argue strongly against it. Again, I think the lack of interest in the Falklands War are very adequately explained by the limited tactical interest and the one-sided nature of the conflict.
    My own working theory is that (professional and analytic games aside) wargaming is intrinsically linked with celebrating the heroic and ''trumpets and drums" aspects of warfare, both as cause of our interest and our tribute to it; and our games (taken as a 'hobby whole') reflect this; this intersects with the pure ludic aspect, of the tactical interest in a given period.

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    1. Agreed, I think. Most COIN type operations are difficult and boring to model as games, except perhaps some of those big multi-player games where information transmission is important. Tactical interest is also important, I suspect a lot of wargaming is about problem solving - how do I beat those cuirassiers with my hussars? - sort of thing and, of course, the ludic element including story-telling.

      As to victory and defeat making a period popular or not, you are probably correct. Vietnam is a bit odd, however, as the US won most of the tactical actions but still lost the war. Quite what a strategic level Vietnam game would look like I'm not sure, but I dare say someone has tried it.

      But yes, someone once hazarded to me that historical wargaming was more about the pageant of history, heroism and drums and trumpets than anything else, which is probably why we try to ignore civilians, sieges and logistics as much as possible.

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    2. The thing about the US winning most of the tactical actions but losing the war applies even more strongly to other western-type COIN actions including Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, Iraq and Afghanistan; and there is a bit of definitional logic about it: if the insurgent wins the tactical battles, it quickly becomes a civil war rather than an insurgency (the radical articulation of forces inherent in an insurgency would be self-defeating at that point). Conversely insurgents rarely choose militarily attritional strategies, they choose economic and political strategies. On the one hand, low-level tactical wargaming can show little difference between insurgency and full-scale war: an infantry firefight is pretty similar whatever. But war has the advantage from the wargamer's point of view of a much more tactically rich set of options if and when you want them, with extra capabilities interacting on both sides.

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    3. Agreed. I think that the low level tactical wargame has a lot to offer, not least in exploring how a force creates or extricates itself from difficult situations. Strategically we are dealing with a different situation. There is a lot, I suspect, in the concept of military 'orientalism', where it is suggested that the West fights to win battles, the Eastern strategy is to win the war, essentially to persuade everyone else to go home. It has to be said that from Vietnam on the latter strategy has possibly worked better....

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  3. It's a question that is often raised, along with the question of whether it's ethical to wargame certain genres or periods or even armies.
    While I would question whether it is ethical to wargame ANY period if the objection is to a sense of unpleasantness; war after all is a grim business. Is it more ethical to wargame Rome v celts than Vietnam? A legionary dispatching a helpless gaul with a foot stuck in a wolf pit, shield pinned by pilum is not that far from a GI in a pungi pit being shot by a Vietcong sniper when it comes down to the nasty end of war, that is killing or maiming people.
    I sense it is more about association; hence a recent internet furore about whether it's OK to play the "bad guys', in this case Nazis. That this was from an advocate of a dystopian almost fascist sci-fi game appears to have escaped the person posing the question.
    To that extent, it appears if one can distance oneself geographically or from living memory, the more acceptable. So Junta or C18th or even C20th Imagi-Nations take this even further, into things that never existed. At this point I'm reminded of a routine by the late Shaun Locke in which he dispatches an imaginary budgie with a spoon; in response to the audience's disquiet, he reminds them the budgie doesn't actually exist.....
    For some, there are "red lines'; an acquaintance will not game any period without flags by which they mean C19th as a cut off - what then of the SCW? Bruce Quarry wouldn't have flamethrowers in his rules.
    As someone with an interesting in AIW up to about 1982, I would not game the current conflict in Gaza, partly as it is unpleasant and not a conventional conflict. I do however, understand why it has happened and have an appreciation of both sides mindsets, more than some journalists I'd argue, as I have studied the history.
    Some veterans have no problem gaming conflicts they were part of.
    So, I'd conclude, it is very much a personal decision on what you play and that a certain amount of sanitization or mental distancing takes place to enable you to do so.
    Neil

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    1. Agreed, broadly speaking. Some distance between the self and the events depicted is certainly an advantage, although some of the 'founders' of modern wargaming, Featherstone, Grant, Young and Lunsford were veterans and fought WW2 wargames. I did see someone wonder about catharsis in such wargames, but have no idea whether that would be a useful view.

      It is, I agree, a personal decision, not one about a particular ethical stance. A question of taste and personal interest rather than deciding that some army or period is just so awful that we will not game it. Perhaps, in fact, there is an ethical case to suggest we should, in case the awfulness of war be forgotten. But that too is another debate, I suspect.

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  4. Why would the solo player care what others think about their gaming choices?

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    1. Good question, but I think there might be an answer. Even a solo wargamer lives in a society which admits some things and does not some others. I think my nearest and dearest would frown slightly if I started an Afghanistan wargame set in C21. Not, perhaps, because it is unethical, but because it would be deemed to be tasteless. Hence we return to the Estimable Mrs P's original question - for her Ukraine and Gaze would be tasteless, if not unethical. I've not tried her out of Afghanistan, however...

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    2. "Even a solo wargamer lives in a society which admits some things and does not some others" - Societies are not homogenenous therefore whatever stance you take others will find it appealing. If the Estimable Mrs P finds it tasteless it doesn't matter unless, of course, her actions affect your lunch or the quality of the coffee offered.

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    3. Well, yes, societies are not homogenous, but they do, even now, have common threads of social and cultural behaviours. My moral views are shaped by that, plus upbringing, education, what I read and so on. In these internet days you can indeed find someone who agrees with your position, but some of those society finds unacceptable.
      I'm not sure that society would find any form of wargaming unacceptable, but it certainly could find some parts tasteless, and that is then a matter of degree. Offence is not harm, but we all have are limits as to how much offence we feel we will stand.
      I have enough trouble explaining to people that I do not rush around muddy fields wielding a pike when they find out I am a wargamer, so I'd rather not have to justify why I wargame Ukraine 2022.
      As for the Estimable Mrs P., I'm somehow reminded of the Churchill joke:
      'Winston, if I were your wife I'd poison your coffee.'
      'Madam, if you were my wife, I'd drink it.'

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